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Home Recurrent aphthous stomatitis (RAS): guideline for differential diagnosis and management

Recurrent aphthous stomatitis (RAS): guideline for differential diagnosis and management

Authors:

  • E. Milia
    Department of Medicine, Surgery and Experimental Sciences, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
  • M. A. Sotgiu
    Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
  • G. Spano
    Dental Unit, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria, Sassari, Italy
  • E. Filigheddu
    Dental Unit, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria, Sassari, Italy
  • G. Gallusi
    Department of Clinical Sciences and Translational Medicine, University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, Rome, Italy
  • V. Campanella
    Department of Clinical Sciences and Translational Medicine, University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, Rome, Italy

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.23804/ejpd.2022.23.01.14

ABSTRACT


Aim

Recurrent aphthous stomatitis (RAS) is a painful and common ulcerative form that can pose a diagnostic challenge. In fact, similar oral ulcers can appear secondary to a variety of well-defined pathological conditions. Thus, the purpose of this work was to update the current knowledge about RAS

Methods

A narrative review is presented aiming to clarify the extensive differential diagnosis of RAS and its management.

Results

Clinically, RAS ulcers need to be differentiated from Behçet’s disease, nutritional deficiencies, Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis, PFAPA, MAGIC, HIV and xerostomia-related oral ulcers. A thorough medical history and review of symptoms, in addition to a careful evaluation of any oral feature, will help the clinician understand whether the ulcers are related to a systemic disorder or can be defined as idiopathic. The management of RAS is also challenging and currently there is not a defined treatment for controlling the symptoms.

Conclusion

As a first aid in relieving the pain, topical applications of corticosteroids, antibiotics, and analgesics are highly recommended, while systemic therapy of RAS should be used in the case of multiple painful ulcerations compromising the quality of life of the patient. Also, natural anti-inflammatory substances from medicinal herbs, in the form of essential oils and extracts are promising agents in the management of RAS.

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Publication date:

March /2022

Keywords:

RAS treatment, aphthae, herpetiform ulcerations, major RAS, minor RAS, oral ulcers, recurrent aphthous stomatits (RAS)

Issue:

Vol.23 – n.1/2022

Page:

73 – 78

Publisher:

Ariesdue

Topic:

Paediatric oral pathology

Cite:


Harvard: E. Milia, M. A. Sotgiu, G. Spano, E. Filigheddu, G. Gallusi, V. Campanella (2022) "Recurrent aphthous stomatitis (RAS): guideline for differential diagnosis and management", European Journal of Paediatric Dentistry, 23(1), pp73-78. doi: 10.23804/ejpd.2022.23.01.14
Vancouver: E. Milia, M. A. Sotgiu, G. Spano, E. Filigheddu, G. Gallusi, V. Campanella. Recurrent aphthous stomatitis (RAS): guideline for differential diagnosis and management. European Journal of Paediatric Dentistry [Internet]. 2022Mar.10 [cited 2023Mar.25];23(1):73-78. Available from: https://www.ejpd.eu/abstract-pubmed/recurrent-aphthous-stomatitis-ras-guideline-for-differential-diagnosis-and-management/
MLA: E. Milia, M. A. Sotgiu, G. Spano, E. Filigheddu, G. Gallusi, V. Campanella Recurrent aphthous stomatitis (RAS): guideline for differential diagnosis and management. European Journal of Paediatric Dentistry. 2022;23(1):73-78

Copyright (c) 2021 Ariesdue

Creative Commons License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.

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    Editor in chief: dott. Luigi Paglia
    European Journal of Paediatric Dentistry © | ISSN (Online): 2035-648X
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    European Journal of Paediatric Dentistry © | ISSN (Online): 2035-648X
    Registrazione del Tribunale di Milano n. 285 del 14.04.1998 | ROC 1946 - 26.09.2001
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