Evaluation of the position of the permanent maxillary canine and its relationship to dental anomaly patterns in the paediatric patient

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ABSTRACT

Aim

To evaluate the prevalence of ectopic eruption of the permanent maxillary canine in patients 6 to 10 years of age and its relationship to other dental anomalies, age and sex of the patient.

Methods

A total of 260 panoramic radiographs were collected from patients who had their first visit at the Paediatric Dentistry Department of the Hospital HM Nens, HM Hospitals in Barcelona from January to May 2021. The prevalence of ectopic eruption was evaluated based on the following variables: age, sex, inclination angle and mesiodistal position of the crown of the permanent maxillary canine. Additionally, the presence of other dental anomalies was recorded. The statistical analysis to evaluate the relationship between two categorical variables was carried out using the Chi-square (or Fisher) test with unrelated samples and the Mann-Whitney test with related samples. A p-value of 0.05 and a 95% reliability level were considered statistically significant.

Material and methods

Study design: Descriptive, cross-sectional, observational, and retrospective study

Results

In total 25 canines were found in ectopic eruption; 21 (8.07%) were located on the left hemiarch and 4 (1.53%) on the right hemiarch, showing statistically significant differences (p=0.001) between both hemiarches. Regarding age, it was found that the age group from 8 years 6 months to 10 years showed a higher percentage of ectopic eruption than the younger age group, with a statistically significant value on the left hemiarch (p=0.002). Of the 43 dental anomalies, 23 were on the left hemiarch (53.49%) and 20 anomalies were on the right hemiarch (46.49%).

Conclusion

The prevalence of ectopic eruption of the permanent maxillary canine was 9.23%. In this sample, no relationship was found between patients with maxillary canine with abnormal position and inclination and the presence of other dental anomalies.

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