Comparative analysis of treatment outcomes between Bi-Maxillary Plates and Facemask for treating class III malocclusion in growing subjects. A retrospective study

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ABSTRACT

Aim

To comparatively analyse the skeletal and dento-alveolar changes after treatment with Class III Bi-Maxillary Plates (BMPs) and FM appliances in growing patients with Class III skeletal malocclusion.

Results

In both BMP and FM groups, there was a significant improvement in maxillary growth, while changes in the mandibular projection were recorded only in the changes FM group with a slight tendency to clockwise mandibular rotation and increased facial divergence. Dento-alveolar effects were similar in both groups but were exacerbated in the BMP group with significant greater buccal inclination of the upper incisors and lingual inclination of the lower incisors. A greater counter-clockwise rotation of the occlusal plane was also recorded in the BP group.

Conclusion

BMPs with class III elastics provided a similar pattern of skeletal and dento-alveolar changes compared to FMs, however supported by slightly greater dentoalveolar effects that contribute to the correction of the class III malocclusion in growing subjects.

Study Design

The study sample included 66 subjects 28 males and 38 females, mean age 8,4 ± 1,4) retrospectively recruited who underwent treatment with Bi-Maxillary Plates and Class III elastics (BMP group = 31 subjects, 13 males and 18 females, mean age 8,2 ± 1,6) and with Facemask (FM group = 35 subjects, 15 males and 20 females, mean age 8,6 ± 1,3) to correct mild class III malocclusion. Both groups of patients were instructed to wear the appliance at least 14 hours a day. Pre-treatment (T0) and post-treatment (T1) lateral cephalograms and dental digitised models were analysed and 10 angular measurements and 3 linear measurements were evaluated to perform inter-timing and inter-group comparisons. Changes in measurements from each group were compared by paired t-tests, considering a 5% significance level.

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